Improvement in process and apparatus for generating combustible gases



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- Patented March 2; 1869;l

1C. Ni. TESSIE DU4 MOTAY. i

Y ,Gs Generator. No; 87,473.

` 4 o .m jf

tional plan,

`drogen mixed with carbonio oxide.

c. M. TESSIE DU MorAY, or PARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR To EDWARD STERN, 0E NEw YORK, N. Y.

' IMPROVEMENT IN PROCESS AN Specification forming part df LettersPatent N0. 87,478,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CYPRIEN MARIE TES- SIE DU MorAY, of Paris, in the Empire of France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inl Apparatus for' the production of carbonio oxide, hydrogen, and oarbureted hydrogens; and I hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings.

This apparatus is composed essentially of two parts, viz: First, a distilling furnace or. oven, with retorts resembling those employed in the manufacture of gas; second, two cupolas or grate-furnaces, for the transportation of the coke produced in the retorts of the furnace first mentioned into carbonio oxide, and into hydrogen.

It is not necessary to describe each of these apparatuses in detail, as their construction is a matter of common knowledge, and I will, therefore, confine myself to an explanation of the general arrangement and'combination of these parts, in which alone my invention consists. In the drawings, Figure l represents a secand Fig. 2 a sectional elevation, of an arrangement of two gas-furnaces and of four oupolas, by which they are accompanied.

A A are the gas-furnaces, in which the distillation of the coa-l takes place. B B B B are the cupolas intended to effect the transformation ofthe coke into carbonio oxide and hydrogen. C C are iiues for conducting the oarbonic oxide, mixed with nitrogen, to the Bunsen burner, which heats the retort of the furnaces A. I) D are conduits formed in the walls of the cupolas, and in which the air required for the combustionof this carbonio oxide is heated to a high temperature. E E are lines, which conduct this heated air to the burner. F F are pipes for leading off the hy- G G are air-tuyeres. H H are tuyeres for superheated steam. I is a special burner for the combustion of the carbonio oxide which heats the retorts. K is a boiler, designed to generate the steam to be fed through the tuyeres H. f The coke produced in the is, the moment it is retorts of the furnace A taken from the retorts,

cast into the two oupolas B B. There the coke D APPARATUS FOR GENERATING COMBUSTIBLE GASES.

dated March 2, 1569.

I burns by the action of the air injected through the tuyeres G G, and is transferred into carbonio oxide. This. gas is in part directed to a special burner, which takes, the place of the grate of the gas-furnace, and serves to heat the retorts. When the coke is Well ignited, and the cupola has reached a high temperature, the supply of air is out off, and is replaced by superheated steam, which enters through the tuyeres H H. Uponcontaot with the carbon this steam is transformed into a mixture of hydrogen and carbonio oxide, which is gathered into gasometers by a well-known means. As this operation causes the rapid cooling of the cupola it soon ceases; then steam is shut off, and air is again introduced to thoroughly ignite the mass of coke, and to bring it again to a high temperature, in order that the operation may be renewed, and so on indeiinitely. The two cupolas are employed in order that at all times one of them at least shall furnish the carbonio oxide for the heating of the retorts.

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of another arrangement of the same apparatus, in which the furnaces B B are replaced by two gratefurnaces, B B.

Under either arrangement I obtain, first, carbonio oxide mixed with nitrogen, resulting from the incomplete combustion of the coke in presence of the air, a part of this gas being employed for the heating of the retorts; second, hydrogen, mixed with carbonio oxide, arising from the action of the steam on the heated coke. This second combustible product isA susceptible of giving a much higher temperature than that which can be obtained with the carbonio oxide mixed with nitrogen; third, proto and bi oarburets of hydrogen, or light and heavy carbureted hydrogens, resulting from the distillation of the pit-coal or any other fuel capable of giving high temperatures, in producing, reducing, or carbureting actions when needed.

In order to utilize completely the heat which is generated in these apparatuses I employ, first, the waste liames of the gas-furnace to, generate the steam used :in` the oupolas for the production of the hydrogen; second, the speoic heat carried away by the gases which issue from the cupola to heat the air and steam injected in the same cupola, the heating being effected by suitable superheating apparatuses.

The gases thus generated can be employed to produce high temperatures, or to produce, without smoke or fumes, high or medium temperatures; or to produce neutral or oxidizing Aflames for the metallurgical treatment of ordinary metals; or to reduce metallic oxides;

or, lastly, for the chemical displacement of sulphur, chlorine, uorine, and sulphuric acid, combined with alkaline, earthy alkaline, and metallic bodies.

In conclusion, I desire to state that I do not limit myself to the precise details of the gasgenerating apparatus herein described, as it 1s evident that apparatuses of the nature specified may be combined in an analogous manner to effect the same resultthat is to say, to produce simultaneously, and by alternate action, carbonio oxide and pure hydrogen, and carbureted hydrogens; and, therefore,

G. M. TESSI DU MOTAY.

Witnesses:

J. ARMENGAUD, DAVID T. S. FULLER.- 

